Research and Application of New Process for Lead Oxide Flotation

I. Introduction

China's lead oxide ore reserves are extremely rich. By the end of 1999, the proven lead reserves were among the highest in the world. Therefore, the rational recycling and utilization of this part of mineral resources is of great significance.

Lingbao Jinyuan Mining Co., Ltd. Sixth Branch of ore mined 30,000 tons of lead, ranging from 10% to 20% lead grade, because of its high rate of oxidation, disseminated fine grain size, with brown iron ore dense symbiotic It contains a large amount of mineral mud and secondary minerals that are easily muddy, which makes the ore dressing difficult and difficult to obtain qualified lead concentrate. The technical and economic indicators of mineral processing are not high. There are usually problems such as deterioration of the process flow due to slurry mud, resulting in low lead recovery rate and poor stability of the flotation process. Low economic efficiency and serious waste of resources.

In order to make full use of resources, save resources, create economic and social benefits, and take a representative ore sample to conduct a detailed ore selectivity test based on the characteristics of the lead oxide ore in the mining area, and apply it in production. Satisfactory indicators have been achieved.

Second, the test

(1) Ore properties

The deposit belongs to the post-magmatic hydrothermal deposit, which is distributed in the interlayer fissures and tectonic zones of the dolomite within 400m of the contact zone between magmatic and dolomite . The ore is mainly composed of dense blocks, fine-grain-medium-grain structure, its shape-semi-self-shaped structure, honeycomb structure, close symbiosis between minerals, and high degree of oxidation of lead ore (oxidation rate of nearly 90%). The main metallic minerals white lead, lead alum, crocoite, galena, Ling zinc ore, magenta silver pyrite, limonite; major gangue minerals are quartz, calcite, fluorite, heavy spar, sericite, and chlorite. The multi-element analysis of raw ore is shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Multi-element analysis of raw ore

1. Laboratory test

(1) Grinding fineness test

The grinding fineness test uses a flotation process to obtain a crude lead concentrate and tailings at one time.

The prescription is 200 g/t of ethyl sulphide, 500 g/t of sodium sulfide, 300 g/t of water glass, and 100 g/t of butyl xanthate. Grinding fineness setting - 200 mesh: 70%, 75%, 80%, 95%. The grinding fineness test indicators are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Grinding fineness test index%

The test indicators show that the grinding fineness is increased from -200 mesh to 70% to -200 mesh and 75. The crude concentrate grade is increased from 23.17% to 27.92%, and the lead recovery rate is increased from 53.17% to 63.38. %, if the fineness of the grinding is increased to -200 mesh, 85%, the lead grade in the coarse concentrate is not improved, but the lead recovery rate is reduced to 61.91%, and then finely ground to -200 mesh, 95%, coarse concentrate The lead grade and recovery rate were significantly reduced, the lead grade was reduced to 23.33%, and the recovery rate was only 57.8%. It can be seen that the fineness of the ore grinding is determined to be -200 mesh and 75% is appropriate.

(2) 25 ^# black drug amount comparison test

Grinding fineness is -200 mesh, accounting for 75%; using flotation process, one rough selection of lead crude concentrate and tailings; prescription: sodium sulfide 500g / t, water glass 300g / t, 25 # black medicine (60g / t, 90g / t, 120g / t, 200g / t), butyl xanthate 100g / t; 25 # black pharmaceutical dosage test indicators are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 25 ^#黑药物量试验指标%

It can be seen from the 25# black medicinal amount test that the lead recovery rate is increased due to the increase of the dosage. The lead recovery rate is 59.07% when 60g/t is added, and the lead recovery rate is increased to 66.17% when 200g/t is added. , an increase of 7.1 percentage points, but the lead grade in the coarse concentrate decreased correspondingly, from 27.86% to 23.09%, the comprehensive analysis and selection effect confirmed: 25# black pharmaceutical dosage should be 120g / t.

(3) Comparison test of vulcanizing agent dosage

Grinding fineness is -200 mesh, accounting for 75%;

Flotation process, same as before;

Prescription: sodium sulfide (900g / t, 1100g / t, 1300g / t, 2000g / t) water glass 300g / t, 25 # black medicine 120g / t, butyl xanthate 100g / t; vulcanizing agent dosage test indicators see table 4.

Table 4 % of vulcanizing agent test index

The test index of vulcanizing agent dosage shows that after the dosage of vulcanizing agent is increased, the grade and recovery rate of lead concentrate are improved. When the dosage of vulcanizing agent is increased to 2000g/t, there is no significant change in the selection index. It should be 1100 ~ 1300g / t.

(4) Inhibitor impact test

The effects of water glass, starch, ammonium humate and baking gum on the lead oxide flotation index were investigated. The test results of the best dosage are shown in Table 5:

Table 5 % of inhibitor test results

It can be seen from Table 5 that the lead grade of lead concentrate is higher with water glass and ammonium humate formula as inhibitors. Therefore, the test determines that the combination agent is used as an inhibitor, and the optimum amount is 200+1000 g/t.

(5) Open circuit test

In the condition test, the different levels of each factor are taken as the best results, the open circuit test is carried out, and two open circuit tests of the conventional flotation process and the asynchronous flotation process are performed. The process flow chart is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The test indicators are shown in Tables 6 and 7.

Figure 1 Open circuit test first program process

Figure 2 Open circuit test second program process

Table 6 Open circuit process first program test result%

Table 7 Open plan test second program result%

(3) Closed circuit test

On the basis of the open circuit test, the closed circuit test of the two process processes was carried out. The closed circuit test flow chart is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4:

Figure 3 Closed circuit test first program process

Figure 4 Closed circuit test second program process

1, the first program

Main conditions: grinding fineness is -200 mesh, accounting for 75%;

Sodium sulfide 1100g / t;

Water glass plus ammonium humate 150+800g/t;

25 ^#黑药100g/t;

Butyl xanthate 80g / t.

2, the second program

Main conditions: grinding fineness is -200 mesh, accounting for 75%;

Sodium sulfide 1100g / t;

Water glass plus ammonium humate 150+800g/t;

25 ^#黑药100g/t;

Butyl xanthate 80g / t;

Diesel oil 100ml/t.

A comparison of the results of the closed-circuit test program is shown in Figure 8:

Table 8 Closed-circuit test plan knot comparison%

Third, the results of mineral processing and discussion

(1) It can be seen from the closed-circuit test results that the second option should be adopted for the beneficiation test, that is, the asynchronous flotation process is adopted. The asynchronous flotation process is to add an appropriate amount of flotation agent in the rough selection operation to make the easy-lead lead. The mineral floats, and then two selections are made to obtain the final lead concentrate. After the two products in the tank are cleaned twice, the rough selection is performed. Here, a sufficient amount of the medicament is added, and three sweeps are added, thereby strengthening The recovery of refractory lead minerals resulted in a lead recovery rate of 84.2%. The coarse concentrate of coarse selection was combined with the coarsely selected concentrate to obtain the final lead concentrate after two selections. The lead concentrate grade reached 56.45%.

(II) Industrial test In the choice of pharmaceuticals, the combination of 25# black medicine and butyl medicine will produce a “synergistic effect” of the harvesting force, and the appropriate amount of Na ₂ S will occupy 90% of the lead oxide in the ore. In the situation, the vulcanization effect is more significant, the lead concentrate has a product quality of 56.45%, and the addition of water glass and ammonium humate implements the effective dispersion of the slime, achieving the number of lead concentrates. When the quality is high, its performance is also indispensable.

(3) The experiment uses the asynchronous flotation process of the sulphide-xanthate method for floating lead. In the exploration and exploration of the grinding fineness, collector , vulcanizing agent and inhibitor, the best result is taken as an open circuit test. The closed-circuit process test of the two schemes was successfully carried out with the process of the second scheme: the lead grade of lead concentrate was 56.45%, and the lead recovery rate was 84.2%.

(4) The asynchronous flotation process is adopted, the purpose of which is to enhance the sorting effect step by step in order to meet the needs of the floatation and selectivity of useful minerals. Small test/production practices have shown that it has the advantages of reasonable process structure, stable operation, easy adjustment and control. The appeal of this new process technology is that it can be adapted to the ore (including polymetallic ore systems) of different ore properties and is practical and targeted. While selecting the structure of the asynchronous flotation process, it is necessary to explore the application of the first rough selection plus an appropriate amount of the collection agent to select the target mineral with better floatability. With high-quality concentrates, as soon as possible; and in the second step of rough selection, with multiple collection agents, so that the "synergistic effect" as possible to significantly absorb the difficult minerals of choice, which is to improve the quality of concentrates It is also an effective technical measure to recycle as much mineral as possible.

Fourth, production practice

See Table 9, Table 10, Table 11, and Table 12 for the unit consumption statistics, production indicators, operating parameters and economic benefit indicators.

Table 9 Pharmacy unit consumption statistics g/t

Table 10 Production Indicator %

Table 11 Operating parameters

Table 12 Economic Benefit Indicators

V. Conclusion

1. The Yinjiagou ore contains 10% to 20% lead, while the lead mineral has an oxidation rate of 90%. At the same time, the ore contains a large amount of mud, and the mineral inlay has a fine grain size, and the grinding fineness needs to be ground to - 200 mesh accounts for 75% to 80%, so the ore is a difficult to choose lead oxide ore.

2, asynchronous flotation process, appropriate amount of multi-agent program, making industrial treatment of refractory lead oxide mine possible, production selection indicators reach: lead concentrate in lead concentrate is 54.12%, lead recovery rate can reach 82.5% Close to the advanced level of the same type of ore at home and abroad, with broad application prospects, showing good economic and social benefits, and industrial utilization value is considerable.

references

[1] Hu Weibai. Flotation. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1990. 20~100.

[2] Shi Daoming, Yang Wei, et al. Flotation of lead-zinc ore. Kunming: Yunnan Science and Technology Press, 1996.12~18.

[3] Wang Dianzuo. Mineral flotation and flotation reagents. Changsha: Central South University of Technology Press, 1986.430~433.

Author unit

Lingbao Jinyuan Mining Co., Ltd. (Yang Xinsheng, Li Jianzheng)

Henan Metallurgical Planning and Design Institute (Luo Yingchu, Yao Shuchang)

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