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Sensors are the front end of intelligent monitoring and control by sending various parameters into computer systems. Therefore, the performance of sensors directly affects the data processing at the rear. In recent years, with the development of intelligent and electronic vehicles, the demand for sensors in automobiles has become the largest in many industries. People in the industry generally believe that the key to achieving the optimization of automotive systems is the ability to use high-reliability, high-performance sensors.
Automotive sensor features
Adaptable, harsh environment
The car may travel in any area of ​​the earth. The environmental conditions vary greatly. There are both extremely cold areas of the North and South poles, as well as hot climates like the equatorial area. Therefore, the sensors are required to be highly adaptable and can be used at -40-80. Under the condition of °C, do not need to adjust the normal work. The car may work in extremely harsh climate conditions, sometimes with dust, sometimes with wind and rain, so the sensor should have a good seal, resistance to moisture, corrosion resistance.
Strong anti-interference ability
In addition to being able to adapt to external harsh environments, sensors must also be able to withstand various interferences from inside the engine. Sensors are installed in the engine room, in addition to being able to withstand the high temperature, high pressure, combustion exhaust gas corrosion when the engine is working, but also require good seismic performance, to resist the strong vibration of the engine during operation, in addition, the engine will produce electromagnetic waves, Therefore, the sensor is required to have anti-jamming capability. The automotive power supply (generators, batteries, etc.) can vary in voltage from 6 to 16V, and sometimes even plus or minus 100V positive and negative high voltage pulses, so it should also have anti-surge capability.
High stability and reliability
The various parts and components of a car are generally required to be able to operate for more than 10×104km, and it is not necessary to replace or adjust the technical specifications that still meet the requirements. Therefore, the sensor must have high stability and high reliability.
Low price, adapt to mass production
This requires good sensor consistency, no complicated adjustments, and is suitable for automated production. 
Pressure sensor application in the automotive industry
In the practical application of automotive sensors, the earliest used automotive pressure sensors. There are many methods that can be used for pressure detection, such as resistance strain gauges, capacitive sensors, inductive sensors, piezoelectric sensors, and the like. Currently, the pressure sensors used in automobiles mainly include the following: manifold negative pressure sensors (used for automotive electronic ignition advance angle control and fuel injection systems); Diesel engine oil pressure sensors; transmission oil pressure sensors; brake oil pressure Sensors; shock absorber oil pressure sensors; tire pressure sensors.
Due to the wide range of applications of automotive pressure sensors in automotive systems, it has received increasing attention from related parties. At the same time, various new types of pressure sensors are emerging. For example, the high-speed shift indicator used abroad is the best time to display the high-speed shift through the light-emitting diodes, which is achieved by using a fuel rail pressure sensor and an engine speed sensor.
In recent years, with the popularization of the use of microcomputers in automotive systems, various high performance new pressure sensors have begun to be used in large quantities in automobiles. The rapid development of piezoresistive semiconductor pressure sensors and resonant crystal pressure sensors.
The advantage of a semiconductor pressure sensor is that it can be mass-produced using an integrated circuit process to integrate semiconductor pressure sensors, which can significantly reduce the cost of pressure sensors.
In addition, the automotive semiconductor pressure sensor is another feature that can achieve the intelligence of the sensor, this sensor can carry out the machine processing, and the minimum interface between the computer and the load, at the same time, due to zero, full, temperature The compensation and self-test functions not only improve the accuracy of the pressure sensor, but also improve the reliability of the sensor.
Resonant crystal pressure sensor is mainly used as a suction negative pressure sensor for automobiles. Its remarkable feature is that it can still work stably at high temperatures. With the improvement of the properties of thin film dielectrics in the future, the performance of the sensors will also take a big leap forward.
In addition, by using a compatible technology that combines active piezoelectric and pyroelectric thin films with integrated circuits, it is also possible to fabricate multifunctional automotive sensors, and it is also possible to solve the problem that piezoelectric sensors are difficult to integrate.