Electrolytic solution accounts for 12% of lithium battery costs

NiMH batteries are mainly used as power sources for electric vehicles, while the share of lithium-ion battery electric vehicles is still small. However, with the promotion of policies, car manufacturers have begun to substantially increase the proportion of lithium-ion batteries as a power source since 2010. From 2010 to 2013, the rapid growth of lithium-ion battery electric vehicles is expected to reach 2.26 million vehicles in 2013. After 2013, it will enter a steady development stage, reaching nearly 3.71 million vehicles in 2015. The demand for lithium-ion batteries in the new energy automotive sector will explode from 2.25 GWh in 2010 to 35.73 GWh in 2015. In the area of ​​new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries accounted for 58.74% of the total in the lithium-ion battery sector, which jumped rapidly from 3.18% in 2010 to 2015. The development of lithium-ion battery electric vehicles will also steadily advance, which in turn will lead to the steady development of lithium-ion battery materials.

From the perspective of the investment return rate of lithium battery materials in various parts, the positive electrode material has the lowest investment return, which is maintained at 17%, while the diaphragm manufacturing has the highest return on investment, which is nearly 70%.

Judging from the current situation of lithium battery materials industry, the global lithium battery market presents a tripartite situation in China, Japan and South Korea. From 2002 to 2010, the market share of lithium batteries in China and South Korea has increased year by year, and Japan’s market share has consequently decreased year by year. .

Cathode materials From the current market, cathode materials applications, including lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, ternary materials (lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide) and lithium iron phosphate. In the field of power batteries, lithium manganate and lithium iron phosphate are the most promising cathode materials; in the field of communication batteries, three-element composite materials are most likely to be used as a cathode material instead of lithium cobalt oxide.

Therefore, the market share of various types of cathode materials changes with the development trend. The market share of lithium manganate, ternary materials and lithium iron phosphate cathode materials gradually increases, and lithium cobalt oxide gradually becomes the above three types. Material substitution.

Negative electrode materials Currently, the main negative electrode materials on the market include acetylene black, artificial graphite, carbon microbeads, alloys and natural graphite, of which natural graphite and artificial graphite have the highest market share, respectively 52% and 38%;

At present, leading enterprises in anode materials mainly include Shenzhen Beitui, Shanghai Shanshan and Changsha Hairong, and in the global market, the market share of anode materials is mainly concentrated in Japan Hitachi, Japan Seiko Carbon, JFE Japan Steel, Mitsubishi , China Baoan - Beterui, Shanshan 6 major manufacturers.

Electrolyte electrolyte accounted for about 12% of the cost of lithium-ion batteries, gross profit margin of about 30% to 40%, is a lithium battery industry in the profitability of one of the links. At present, the global supplier of lithium battery electrolyte is the same as the lithium battery globally, mainly in China, Japan and South Korea. Japan and South Korea's major manufacturers include Ube Kosei, Mitsubishi Chemicals, Toyama Pharmaceuticals and South Korea’s Samsung Electronics. South Korea's No.1 Wool Textile Club) mainly supplies Japanese and Korean domestic companies and some Japanese and Korean-owned companies in China. In China, suppliers mainly include Jiangsu Guotai, Huarong, Shenzhen New Choubang, Tianjin Jinniu, and Dongguan Shanshan, which mainly supply the domestic market.

Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) is the main raw material for the electrolyte, which accounts for about 50% of the total cost of the electrolyte. The current price is over 300,000 yuan/ton, and the gross margin is over 60%, which is the highest profitability in the lithium-ion battery industry chain. One of them, but because of its very difficult production technology, it is currently dominated by Japanese companies such as the Kanto Electrochemical Industry, SUTERAKE MIFA, and Morita Chemical. Tianjin Jinniu is an earlier domestic company that possesses hexafluoride lithium phosphate production technology and realizes industrialization. However, it is basically used for its own use. Only the electrolyte is sold externally; the inorganic fluoride salt of fluorinated for many years (mainly aluminum fluoride such as cryolite and aluminum fluoride) Based on the technology and experience of salt, it has entered the lithium hexafluorophosphate field. The company's 200 tons/year lithium hexafluorophosphate production line has been put into production. The company plans to expand production capacity to 2200 tons/year, and it will become the largest lithium hexafluorophosphate supplier in China.

Lithium battery separator At present, the global market size of lithium battery separator is about 370 million square meters, due to higher technical threshold, only the world, Japan, the United States and a few other countries have lithium battery separator production technology and the corresponding scale of industry . The world's main producers of diaphragms are Asahi, Tonen, and Ube (UBE); Korea's SK; and the US's Celgard, which together account for 77% of the global market. The existing production lines in China are mainly low-cost single-layer polyolefin stretch film production lines, which are mainly supplied to middle and low-end markets. The main diaphragm manufacturers include Shenzhen Xingyuan Material Technology, Fosu Jinhui High-tech, and Henan Xinxiang Green Energy. Membrane, the price is only 1/3 ~ 1/2 of the imported diaphragm, the supply period is relatively short, but the power battery diaphragm production capacity are weak.