Tower cranes typically use a combination of fixed and movable pulleys to lift and lower heavy loads. The pulleys are usually attached to the jib or boom of the crane and are used to change the direction and increase the mechanical advantage of the lifting system.
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Next year petrochemical industry growth rate slowed down
Today, the beginning of the year is nearing completion, and petrochemicals, steel and other industries that we instrument and meter industries have also appeared to have less positive signals. For example, on November 24, the autumn report of China's industrial economy running in 2011 released jointly by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences showed that from January to October, the value-added of the petrochemical industry increased by 14.5% year-on-year, faster than the scale. Above the growth rate of industrial added value. However, at the same time, the report predicts that due to the adverse effects of the downstream industry's declining demand for petrochemical products and rising energy-saving and emission-reduction pressures, the growth rate of China's petrochemical industry will gradually slow down next year. Under the guidance of many factors, the instrumentation industry will face structural inflection points.
1) The issue of excess capacity shows where the steel industry is going? After several years of rapid development, China's steel industry is now peaking, and the problem of overcapacity has gradually emerged. At the 7th Bohai Rim Steel Market Forum held recently, relevant persons from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology pointed out that during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China’s steel demand will enter the top of the peak arc, about 800 million tons, and the industry will show a low growth rate and low profitability. The running trend. Improving steel standards and accelerating product upgrades will be an important task for the steel industry during the 12th Five-Year Plan period.
2) Analyze the phenomenon of low-level repeated production in the instrumentation industry. There is still a huge gap between the domestic instrumentation industry and foreign countries, such as the lack of key core technologies, low level of duplication, the stability and reliability of products cannot be fundamentally resolved, and imports are still heavily dependent on imports for high-end precision instruments. Development has caused adverse effects, and the low level of repetitive production of instruments and meters is particularly prominent.
3) Selected for 2011 major technical equipment instruments. In order to increase the level of innovation and development of equipment manufacturing industry, foster strategic emerging industries, promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and meet the needs of major national economic and national key construction projects for major technological equipment, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has completed the “major innovation in major technology and equipmentâ€. Preparation of the Guidance Catalog (2011 Edition, Consultation Draft).
4) The total installed capacity of electricity exceeded 10 billion kilowatts at the end of October. Tan Rongji, director of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, disclosed that as of the end of October this year, the total installed capacity of power generation in the country has exceeded 1 billion kilowatts, and it is expected to reach 1.04 billion kilowatts in the whole year. Tan Rongji said at the ABB Power World Forum today that although the total installed capacity has exceeded 1 billion kilowatts, the growth rate is still lower than the growth rate of total electricity consumption. Therefore, if the contradictions between coal and electricity are not resolved next year and hydropower continues to weaken, The electricity supply will continue to be tight.
In the next five years, China’s market demand for various types of instruments and meters is large, mainly:
Industrial Automation Instrumentation and Control Systems At present, the operation of the national economy is in a special period. While maintaining sustained, rapid, and healthy development, we must increase investment in infrastructure, basic industries, agriculture, real estate, and high and new technology. . Therefore, in the coming period, various departments of the national economy will need to build a number of major engineering projects. At the same time, there are a large number of enterprises that need to carry out technological transformation in order to improve product quality and increase economic efficiency to maintain strong social competitiveness. In view of the general trend of economic development, there will be a greater social demand for industrial automation instrumentation and control systems. In the next five years, the average annual growth rate will reach 15% or more.
In 2003, the power industry realized an additional installed capacity of 30 million kilowatts. In 2004, the new installed capacity is expected to reach 40 million kilowatts. In the next five years, the power industry will maintain an annual installed capacity of 40 million kilowatts. The new project is estimated to be industrial automation. The demand for instrumentation and control systems has increased by 15% annually. At present, most of the petrochemical systems use imported products. With the improvement of the reliability of domestic systems, they will gain a certain market share. It is estimated that demand will increase at least 5% annually. In 2003, the metallurgical industry produced 222 million tons of steel, an annual increase of 21.9%, steel production of 241 million tons, an annual increase of 25.3%, ten types of non-ferrous metals increased by 19.1%, and alumina increased by 11.2%. The current state's overheating control of the metallurgical industry is for sustainable development. In the next five years, it is estimated that at least a 15% annual demand level can be maintained. Large-scale ports, building materials, light industry, and a number of new projects in the next five years, it is estimated that the demand for these industries will increase by more than 10% annually. The environmental protection field is one of the focuses of the state's support for development during the fifteenth period, and is a new field for automation instrumentation and control systems; other market demands such as agricultural modernization, building automation, warehouse automation, and urban traffic automation are all new growth. Hot spot.
The task of technological transformation of industrial enterprises in China is quite arduous. In the next five years, there will still be a group of small and medium-sized generating units below 200,000 kilowatts, more than 50 medium-sized ethylene plants, 70 oil refineries, more than 500 heating furnaces, and more than 200,000 industrial units. Boilers and so on need to carry out technological transformation, most of them want to improve the level of automation, to update the original analog instruments with new digital automation instruments.
Some common types of pulleys used in tower cranes include:
1. Fixed Pulleys: These are stationary pulleys that are mounted at a fixed point on the crane. They change the direction of the lifting force and help distribute the load evenly.
2. Movable Pulleys: These pulleys are attached to a movable block that can be raised or lowered along the jib or boom of the crane. They provide additional mechanical advantage and allow for easier lifting of heavy loads.
3. Trolley Pulleys: These pulleys are used in conjunction with a trolley system that allows the crane to move horizontally along the jib or boom. The trolley pulleys help distribute the load evenly and provide smooth movement of the crane.
4. Counterweight Pulleys: Tower cranes often use a counterweight system to balance the load being lifted. Counterweight pulleys are used to attach the counterweights to the crane and ensure proper balance and stability.
It's important to note that the specific configuration and number of pulleys used in a Tower Crane can vary depending on the crane model and lifting capacity.
In 2011, the China Instrument and Meter Industry Association pointed out in the "12th Five-year Development Plan for Instruments and Meter Industry" that the market demand has changed rapidly and the product structure has been adjusted urgently. In particular, the state has vigorously promoted energy-saving emission reduction and green economy, modern manufacturing, and clean energy. Major industries such as large aircrafts, marine engineering, and smart grids, urban rail transit, and people's livelihoods have provided a wide range of market opportunities for the instrumentation industry. The industry's traditional service market, such as thermal power, metallurgy, and other industries, has slowed down. The market has a large demand, many opportunities, and dramatic changes. It is very difficult for the industry to adjust its structure and level.