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The CNT-FET exhibited by the company uses a 1 nm diameter single-walled carbon nanotube formed by a CVD method on a silicon substrate as a channel. A specific viral antibody is preliminarily attached to the gate electrode, and the viral antigen binds to the antibody when it contacts the gate electrode. The gate potential change at this time is detected by the threshold voltage change of the CNT-FET. When the viral antigen binds to the antibody, the threshold voltage changes by several volts, and the sensitivity is very high.
Although the number of single-walled carbon nanotubes connected to the source and the drain used as a channel is difficult to control, the operation of the biosensor is in principle independent of the number of roots. "Although the number of roots causes a difference in current between the source and the drain, the amount of change in the threshold voltage when the virus antigen binds to the antibody does not depend on the number of roots" (Sanmei Electric Interpreter). However, the case where the number of one and two equal roots is small is the best. Because single-walled carbon nanotubes, in addition to semiconductor properties, also exhibit metallic properties in some cases.
Sanmei Electric demonstrated biosensors using carbon nanotube FETs (CNT-FETs) at the company's comprehensive technology exhibition "MITSUMI SHOW 2008" (February 21-22, 2008) . This product is jointly researched and developed with Hokkaido University. In addition to the detection of viruses with a sensitivity of 3 to 4 digits higher than the current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), it can also be used as a portable detection tool for "on-the-spot detection". “Imagine the detection of livestock infections such as avian flu and mad cow disease (BSE)†(the company's commentator). The target is to start production within 3 to 4 years.