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[ Instrument Network Instrument R & D ] Catalyst materials play a vital role in most electrochemical energy conversion devices, escorting efficient energy conversion. The ubiquitous oxygen in the atmosphere is a common type of oxidant, so the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is widely used in energy equipment, such as fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and so on. At present, the most commonly used ORR catalysts are still Pt-based catalysts. However, its expensive price (US $ 28.3 g-1 as the 2018 average price) and rarity (37 ppb in Earth's crust), as well as its instability in the response environment, have prompted researchers in related fields to strive to find more Suitable non-precious metal-based catalysts are used as alternatives to Pt-based catalysts. Among them, metal-N / C catalyst materials have been widely studied in recent decades, and are considered to be the most promising catalyst materials to replace precious metals. However, the problems of high synthesis cost, unstable inactivation and few active sites of these related materials have always plagued their practical applications. As a common metal interstitial compound, metal nitride has excellent electron conduction ability due to its special electronic structure and metal-like properties. Its corrosion resistance, thermal stability and electrochemical stability all make this kind of material have great application potential in the field of electrochemical catalysis.
Yang Minghui, a researcher at Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his research team have been committed to the research of metal nitrides and their multi-functional applications, including electrocatalysis. As early as 2011, Yang Minghui discovered a simple solid-solid separation method to synthesize large specific surface area mesoporous metal nitride materials. This kind of mesoporous nitride has a higher specific surface area of ​​≤100m-1 / g, and is different from general bulk nitride materials, and has outstanding properties in chemical properties, especially as a catalyst. In recent years, its research team has done nano binary nitrides (TMN) (TM = Cr, Ti, V, Nb, Ta, W and Mo) and ternary nitrides (TiCrN2, TiNbN2, Co3ZnN and Ni3ZnN). He has done systematic research and published many SCI academic articles. In a recent study, Yang Minghui and his team prepared a zirconium nitride (ZrN) nanoparticle catalyst using the urea-glass method, which can replace or even exceed Pt-based catalysts as ORR catalysts in alkaline environments. It was found through experiments that the synthesized ZrN nanoparticles (NPs) have high ORR performance and have activity comparable to that of widely used commercial Pt / C catalysts. In a 0.1M KOH solution, ZrN NPs and commercial Pt / C have the same half-wave potential (E1 / 2 = 0.80V). After 1000 cycles, ZrN (ΔE1 / 2 = -3mV) shows a higher commercial potential. Pt / C catalyst (ΔE1 / 2 = -39mV) has higher stability. In addition, ZrN shows higher power density and stability than commercial Pt / C catalysts in zinc-air batteries. Replacing Pt with ZrN can reduce costs and promote the use of electrochemical energy equipment. ZrN also has potential applications in other catalytic systems. The related research results were published in Nature Materails.