Study on the separation of pyrite and chalcopyrite by mixed collector

Located in Deqin County, northwestern Yunnan, Yangla Sulfide Copper was discovered in the 1970s and is located in a small copper mine. With the further development of geological work in recent years, a significant increase in the total reserves of the metal, identified as large-scale copper mine. However, the properties of ore in various mining areas of Yangla Copper Mine vary greatly. The floatability of iron sulfide minerals in ore is very close to that of copper sulfide minerals. At the same time, because the mine is located in the alpine valley area in northwestern Yunnan, the copper concentrate grade is required to be high. In order to facilitate the outbound transportation, the size of the tailings is not too fine, otherwise the tailings dam can not be used. Therefore, in the process of mineral processing of the ore , in addition to studying the reasonable process flow, we also specifically improve the flotation. The selectivity of the agent was studied.

I. Process mineralogy research

Various methods have been used to study the composition, structural characteristics and embedding properties of ore. The main characteristics are as follows:

(1) Composition of ore

The main chemical components and mineral composition are listed in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.

Table 1 Results of multi-element analysis of raw ore

Table 2 % of mineral composition determined by X-ray diffraction analysis

(2) Embedding characteristics of ore

1. The useful mineral inlay in the ore is very fine, and some of the chalcopyrite has a particle size of less than 0.03 mm, which is not easy to dissociate.

2. The content of other non-copper sulphide in the ore is relatively high, and the content of pyrite and pyrrhotite is more than 20%, far exceeding the sulfide of copper.

3. Pyrite and pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite are closely symbiotic, wrapped and combined.

4. The ore is easily oxidized and deteriorated.

(3) The buoyancy characteristics of ore

The floatability of chalcopyrite and pyrite in the ore is very close. It is very difficult to separate the two. The ore is ground by grinding, and the -43μm accounts for 90%. After one rough selection, one selection, one sweep, only pine alcohol is added. oil or coal oil, fine mineral to select the rate of 16% to 17% copper recovery of 56% to 61% of the copper concentrate, the test results shown in Table 3, demonstrate pyrite large floating chalcopyrite follow.

Second, the combination of collectors

According to the above ore composition and floatability characteristics, in view of the close combination of chalcopyrite and pyrite in the ore, the floatability is very close, we found that it is necessary to study the mixed collector with both selectivity and collection performance. It is possible to separate chalcopyrite from pyrite by using less or no selective foaming agent to improve the grade and recovery of copper concentrate. The use of synergistic effects between agents to improve the flotation index of sulfur through copper ore is one of the important directions in the current research on flotation reagents. According to the requirements of the production of the Yangla Copper Mine, we have used the pharmacy already produced in the domestic pharmaceutical factory to specially prepare the mixed collector YG-1 and other commonly used collectors for comparison (see Figure 1, Table 4). ), it is proved that the mixed collector YG-1 has the best flotation effect, and the concentrate grade and recovery rate are the highest, reaching 19.19% and 63.62% respectively, indicating that YG-1 meets the requirements and has better selectivity. And has a strong ability to capture.

Third, the test situation after optimizing the combination

In order to more selectively float the chalcopyrite in the ore and improve the concentrate grade and recovery rate, we combine the characteristics of the agent and re-formulate several other mixed collectors. After the foaming agent was optimized and combined, a series of tests were carried out. The test procedure is shown in Figures 2 and 3. The test results are shown in Table 5. The test results show that the collector YG-7 can obtain better concentrate grade and concentrate recovery rate; while the collector YG-6 can guarantee low tailing grade and high total recovery. The use of a foaming agent 24K in place of the pine oil oil test also obtained a better selection effect.

Combine the above optimal pharmaceutical conditions and conduct a small closed circuit test (see Figure 2 and Figure 3 for the test procedure), and obtain good final results (see Table 6).

Fourth, the conclusion

The copper grade of the ore sulfide ore in Deqin Yangla Copper Mine is 1.12%, the copper mineral is mainly chalcopyrite, and there are very few porphyrites. Other metal sulfides are mainly pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite.

Due to the extremely fine particle size of useful minerals in the ore, the amount of pyrite is much larger than that of chalcopyrite; the floatability of some pyrite is very close to that of chalcopyrite, so that when conventional agents such as xanthate and pine oil are used, It is difficult to separate them.

According to the characteristics of ore properties, a mixed collector with both selectivity and collection performance was prepared for flotation test. The collector concentrate YG-6 was used to obtain copper concentrate grade of 10.51% and recovery rate of 75.91%. Tailings grade and high total recovery rate; using the collector YG-7 to obtain copper concentrate grade 16.76%, recovery rate 69.40%, obtained a good concentrate grade and concentrate recovery rate. In the process flow, two mixed collectors, YG-6 and YG-7, are used to obtain satisfactory technical indexes. It is confirmed that for some complicated and difficult sulphide ores, different types of collectors are mixed and used, and the synergistic effect of the agents is utilized; a good beneficiation effect can be obtained.

Waterslide

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