Although China's tungsten reserves, production, and foreign trade exports are currently ranked first in the world, after years of mining, China's available tungsten resources are gradually decreasing. China's black tungsten ore resources are almost exhausted, while China's scheelite resources are characterized by poor reserves, low resource quality and poor selectivity. Most scheelite grades are below 0.4%, while foreign major scheelite The grades are all above 0.4%. The reserve-production ratio is the number of years that the remaining reserves at the end of the year are divided by the current production to obtain the remaining reserves at the current production level. According to the statistics of the production and reserves of China Tungsten Industry Yearbook, the storage-production ratio of China and the world's tungsten ore resources can be calculated. The storage-production ratio of China's tungsten ore resources from 2004 to 2007 is 40.94~47.62, and the storage and mining of tungsten resources in the world. The ratio is 56.08~64.27, which is generally higher than China's storage-production ratio, indicating that the mining rate of tungsten resources in China is faster than the overall mining rate of tungsten resources in the world. 2 mineral processing equipment and automation level is low For a long time, there has been no new investment in the technical transformation and technological innovation of China's tungsten ore, especially the black tungsten ore, and the equipment is difficult to update. Among the 23 tungsten mines visited in 2010, except for some newly built and under construction scheelite, there are almost no applications for new equipment in China's tungsten mines, especially black tungsten mines. Most of the black tungsten mines are used. Old ore dressing equipment, such as Denver jig, A-type flotation machine, Soviet-style disk magnetic separator, and many other equipments are products of the 1970s, 1980s, and even the 1950s and 1960s. High consumption and low labor rate. Some mines also use self-made equipment or even semi-manual and manual work, which not only has a low labor rate, but also greatly affects production stability. Some small black tungsten concentrators are even performing manual or half-hand industrial operations. China's tungsten mines have low levels of automation control, and most mines do not use automatic detection and control of the beneficiation process. 3 The selected grade is reduced, the cost of mineral processing is high, and the difficulty of mineral processing increases. After more than a century of mining, most of the black tungsten resources in China are almost exhausted. According to the current available resource reserves and the current production capacity of the mine, except for a few mines such as Dajishan, the service life of most black tungsten mines is less than 5 years, which is among the mines with serious resource crisis. With the increasing exploitation of tungsten ore resources, the grade of tungsten ore in China's tungsten mines has been decreasing year by year. The average grade of 23 tungsten mines surveyed in 2010 is only 0.27%, and only a few tungsten mines are selected at 0.3%. Above, the minimum selected grade is only 0.1%. Our white tungsten ore reserves depleted, fine, miscellaneous deposits accounted for the majority, there are a large part of low-grade, hosted in other metal deposits in the scheelite mineral scheelite such that we need to seriously recently Research questions. The decline in tungsten grades has led to an increase in production costs and an increase in the difficulty of beneficiation. 4 The mineral processing process is imperfect, and the associated resources have not been rationally utilized. The black tungsten ore dressing technology has not changed greatly over the years, and the re-election-based hand-selection waste-removal, re-election, and heavy-magnetic-floating combination are still used. The selection process is not adaptable, and the recovery rate of the treatment process for fine veined and disseminated wolframite is low. The research and promotion of new flotation reagents in China's tungsten mines is seriously lagging behind. Some pesticides with serious environmental pollution are still used in tungsten mines. For example, cyanide is still used in desulfurization operations and sulfide ore sorting operations in Jiangxi Hematite. . The tungsten beneficiation process is still not perfect, including the comprehensive recovery and sorting process of sulfide ore and the black and white tungsten recovery process. The potential for further improvement and optimization is available. In particular, the recovery rate of fine mud sections in each mine is not high, and the research space of fine mud dressing technology exists. . For example, some concentrating plants emphasize the simplification of the process, jigging, shaker re-election, and the coarse and fine-grained mixing, which affects the jigging, shaker re-election ability and selection technical indicators. At present, there are still many tungsten mines in China that use scheelite for heating and heating. The energy consumption is high, the cost is high, and the environmental protection pressure is high. The recovery rate of refractory scheelite is not high, and the common temperature flotation and the combination of metallurgy and so on. Less application. Some black tungsten ore beneficiation plants do not have a selection of workshops or sections, and coarse concentrates (coarse sands) are directly exported, which reduces the price of products and affects the economic benefits of enterprises. Some selection processes are not continuous, intermittent operations, random, simple selection equipment, poor technical indicators, large loss of tungsten metal, poor comprehensive recovery. Most of the tungsten ore is associated with many useful components. Some mines only recover tungsten, and most of the associated valuable metals are not recovered, and the comprehensive utilization level of resources is low. Some of the mines that have carried out comprehensive recovery have very limited components and the recovery rate is low. 5 Mineral processing wastewater recycling rate is not high In the process of tungsten ore beneficiation, it generally contains co-associated non-ferrous metal minerals. For the quartz vein type wolframite, it is recycled by re-election process, and tailings water can be directly used; while scheelite and black-and-white tungsten mixed ore are generally floated. The recovery is selected, and the flotation tailings water contains a large amount of water glass, a fatty acid collector and a chelate collector, which have a great impact on the environment, and the direct reuse causes the loss of tungsten with the sulfide ore. Therefore, the recycling rate of ore dressing wastewater in the flotation tungsten mine is not high, and it is even difficult to reuse.
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1 The advantages of tungsten resources are gradually weakened, and the safety situation of tungsten resources is severe.