Learning should be the key to fixing the injection pump

Deng Dongmi (Wuxi Weifu Group Co., Ltd.) structural parameters and adjustment parameters of the fuel injection pump have an important influence on various performance indicators of the diesel engine. Therefore, it is said that g is “the heart of a diesel engine”. Since the fuel injection pump has a great influence on the performance of the diesel engine, the precision and the coarse sugar content of the components are particularly high. It can be said to be the crown of all parts of a diesel engine. It is not only difficult to process but also difficult to repair. In addition, as many spare parts as fuel injection pump, a small engine, a large number of direct impact on the performance of diesel engine precision parts, concentrated in a pump body, and many of its components are themselves vulnerable parts, these conditions make the fuel injection pump in the diesel In operation, it became a big fault, with many faults and difficult maintenance, which determined the arduousness and complexity of the oil pump maintenance task.

Usually, in the manufacturing process of the fuel injection pump, parts have clear processing requirements and detailed debugging specifications, and each process has a strict inspection. Therefore, the quality is easy to guarantee, and the injection pump is maintained in addition to some debugging specifications. Only some general precautions or simple disassembly methods make it difficult to ensure the quality of maintenance. However, diesel engine fuel injection pump requirements will not be reduced because of difficult repair. In order to ensure that the diesel engine has good performance, for the fuel injection pump, whether it is a new pump or a pump after repair, the requirements should be the same, therefore, The quality and performance of the repaired fuel injection pump should basically reach the level of the new pump. In addition, the problems encountered in maintenance are also ever-changing, and must have a wealth of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in order to correctly analyze and judge. Therefore, it is not easy to repair a fuel injection pump. Generally, it is easy to repair and repair. difficult". Only the qualified repair personnel can repair each oil spray. Usually, repair personnel mostly pay attention to hands-on ability training and neglect the cultivation of theoretical knowledge. 1 In repairs, they often “know what they are, and they do not know why they are.” The quality of repairs is difficult to stabilize, and incurably difficult diseases are sometimes encountered. Sometimes it is impossible to start. Various injection pumps, governors, and advancers all have their commonalities and personalities. Therefore, repair personnel should understand the structural features and working principles of various fuel injection pumps, governors, advancers, and other components. This knowledge not only guides various ways. Reasonable maintenance process, but also help the correct analysis of the failure of the fuel injection pump assembly, to give a few examples: structural understanding of the coupling pump injection gap, geometric accuracy is in V ", smaller than the hair Dozens of times, slight deformation, burr, or slight impurity entry can cause jamming and affect normal work. In severe cases, it will stick and cannot work. Therefore, it is delicate, and should be easily removed and gently put on and off. It is forbidden to knock or collide, and the environment for cleaning should be clean and sanitary. Clean cleaning agents should be used.

The deputy piston coupler, the outlet valve coupler and the same cam can work in different cam working sections and the oil supply continuation angle is also different.

The size of the fuel injection pre-stroke is a point at which the starting point of the plunger oil supply is at the cam lift. The movement speed on different lifts is not the same. The speed of the plunger movement will cause the change of the oil supply rate. The speed of the fuel supply has a great influence on the performance and emission indicators of the diesel engine. After understanding these principles, it is necessary to carefully adjust the pre-stroke for the injected fuel pump.

The angle of oil supply to each cylinder of the fuel injection pump refers to the angle between the starting point of each cylinder's oil supply and the starting point of the reference cylinder's fuel supply. Usually, there are strict tolerance requirements. The angle is too large or too large (turn down page 12). Cylinder oil supply estimates Song Zhenmin (Jiangxi Fuel Injection Pump Repair Professional Committee) With the development of diesel engines, the oil pump repair industry has also developed rapidly, and users have increasingly higher requirements for oil pump repairs. It is not easy for a diesel engine to achieve quick start, high power, and low fuel consumption. According to my own practice over the years, the two masters of the original Nanchang oil pump plant taught me a set of calculation formulas for estimating the fuel supply rate of a single cylinder for the calibrated speed of fuel injection pumps. It is of great value. I have been using this formula for more than 30 years. Calibrate the various oil pumps, users are basically satisfied, now the formula is introduced as follows: Diesel pump standard cutting cycle oil *i formula For example: known 481 engine power = 28PS = 20.72kW specific fuel consumption = 230g/PS.h = 310.81 If the number of g/kWh cylinders is 4 (the upper limit is 5th), it will cause the oil supply point of the cylinder to be too late or too early. In this way, although the static oil supply advance angle of the reference cylinder has been adjusted correctly, the static supply advance angles of other cylinders will be deviated. The oil advance angle has a great influence on the performance of the diesel engine, and its impact on emissions is particularly obvious. Therefore, after the maintenance of the fuel injection pump, you must check, adjust the angle of each cylinder oil supply to meet the design requirements.

Regarding the governor, it is even more obvious from the structural change or the difference in the working principle. If it is not clear, it is more likely to cause deviation when the fuel pump is being repaired and adjusted. If a fuel injection pump with full governor is used, when adjustment is made, it is found that the total oil is not suitable. When it needs to be increased or decreased, if the fuel supply is adjusted by changing the joystick limit screw, the original governor will be correct. The operating speed deviates from the specified value.

In addition, there are many parts look the same, in fact there are oil pump speed = start idle catch = ln/min 85, to determine the calibration conditions single-cylinder circulating fuel supply Qst if the test stand to determine the amount of oil, the number of counts is 200 times, you only need to multiply Qst calculated by the above equation 200 times (0033X200=6.62cm3/200 times).

Various other oil pumps are calculated according to the above formula, and the approximate fuel supply of each cylinder can be obtained.

*=2000.5 difference, such as the output valve, sometimes only slightly different in the width of the decompression belt. If it is replaced in the maintenance, the decompression volume will affect the performance of the diesel engine. Therefore, the replacement does not depend on whether the parts have the same shape. But see if the model is the same. Sometimes changing the same model parts can cause changes in performance. For example, the same type of plunger fittings have length tolerances during manufacture, and local wear of other related parts of the maintenance pump. After replacing the plunger, sometimes Changes in the pre-stroke of the oil supply are caused by an overshoot phenomenon. Therefore, even after the replacement of the same type of couple, the inspection adjustment should be carried out during the maintenance of the pump.

In summary, fully understanding the structural principle of the fuel injection pump assembly, mastering the assembly, disassembly, and pump adjustment techniques is a must-know knowledge and skill for repairing the fuel injection pump. It is the key to repairing the fuel injection pump.

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