1. Nugget and mining unit parameters Segmented empty field After filling mining method structure, parameters and process can be flexibly modulated due to mine conditions. When the ore body is thick, the nuggets are arranged vertically; when the ore body is steep, the segment height can be larger, otherwise it is shorter. The stage height is 30 to 45 m. The section of the trench is 8.0~10m high, the section above the trench is 8.0~12m high, the bottom pillar is 5m high, and the upper pillar is 3~5m high. There is no column between the sections, leaving 3~4m thick between the units. column. The distance between the sloping inclined lane (ie, the loading roadway) is 6.5-8.0m, and the angle between the inclined lane and the moving cross-road is 60°-70°. The area of ​​the stope unit is generally: (length × width) = 16 ~ 24 × 12.5m.

2. The use of the extra-pulse transport lane (2.2 × 2.7m) and the vertical transport tunnel (2.2 × 2.7m) constitute a joint mining method. The extra-vehicle transport path is arranged along the ore body, and is located in the lower part of the ore body; the vertical transport body of the vein transport path is arranged, and one piece is arranged at intervals of 50 meters to penetrate the ore body.

From the Chuanchuan transport road, there are excavations on the upper floor, slopes, slip mines and short ventilation ducts. From each section elevation of the upper floor of the floor, the subdivision liaison roadway is drilled into the two sides, and then each section of the rock drilling roadway is drilled into the roof of the ore body, and the bottom part of one section is dig into the mining roadway and the section rock drilling roadway ( 2.7×2.7m) The horizontal spacing is 12.5 meters, and the horizontal distance between the mining roadways (3.0×3.0m) is 25 meters. A section of rock drilling roadway, a mine roadway and a slipping mine are used to dig a well to contact the roadway, and a mine roadway is drilled from the mine roadway to the bottom of the unit. The loading lane (2.7×2.7m of the inclined lane) is inclined to transport the mine roadway at one end, and the other end of the top plate penetrates the bottom of the cross-section of the unit, and the scraper performs the shovel loading operation in the lane.

The upper plateau (2.2×1.8m) is connected to the upper and lower stages at an inclination of 30°, and is about 0~12m away from the ore body. It is used for pedestrians, materials transportation equipment, installation (wind, water, electricity, spray anchor) pipelines. The ramp (3×3m) is connected to the level of the mine roadway at a 15° inclination angle and is used as a WJD-0.75 type scraper channel. The slip mine (2×2m) is connected to the level of each section of rock drilling roadway and mine roadway, and is used as unit mining, ore mining (slag) road and air passage. The short-ventilated patio (2×2m) is at the top of the ore block and goes straight to the level of the mine roadway. It is used as the inlet duct for each unit of the nugget.

The above various mining roadways are supported by net (rib) spray (pulp). The individual soft rock layers are supported by net, spray and anchor combined reinforcement or reinforced concrete bun and wooden shed reinforcement.

3, cutting

(1) Cutting roadway tunneling

After the completion of the unit calibration work, a layer (2.7 m) is climbed at the end of the loading roadway at the bottom of the unit, and the culvert crossing (2.7×2.7 m) parallel to the mine roadway and running through the entire unit is drilled. One end of the trench crossing tunnel is dig into the cutting alley (2.7×2.7m) perpendicular to the cross-ditch of the sulcus; the other sections are respectively traversed into the vertical cutting alley (2.7×2.7m) at one end of the rocking roadway, and the cutting lane length is 9.8m. . After that, the cutting patio (2.7 × 2.0m) was separately drilled in the trench and each section of the cutting lane. The degree of instability of the ore in the cross-ditch and the cutting roadway is determined by net spray or prime spray support. The cutting patio is generally not supported.

(2) After the cutting groove is formed, all the cutting lanes of the section are drilled, and the upper fan-shaped medium-deep hole is drilled in the cutting lane of each section with the YGZ-90 type rail rock drill . There are 5 rows of fan-shaped holes in the section cutting of the trench, the row spacing is 0.6-0.7m, the fan row surface is perpendicular to the cross-section of the trench, and each row has 5-6 holes, which is the control blasting sequence, starting from the cutting patio. In turn, the 5 holes of the same number are arranged into 5-6 rows of parallel holes (called parallel hole rows), which are radiated from the center of the original rock. In other segmented cutting lanes above the trench, there are 7-to-9 rows of fan-shaped holes, with a row spacing of 1.1 to 1.2 m (strengthening row spacing of 0.5 to 0.9 m), 5 to 6 holes per row, fan row surface and chisel The rock roadway is parallel. After all the middle and deep holes in all the cutting lanes have been cut in all stages, the blasting is organized from top to bottom, one step at a time (sometimes), regardless of the division or one charge blasting, usually the upper part starts to blast first. In the section, the bottom sulcus section is finally detonated. In the above section of the trench, each row of blastholes cuts the patio at both ends of the flat road as free space, in accordance with the order from the two heads to the middle, the differential detonation; the gully section, each row of blastholes to cut the flat end of one end to cut the patio as free Space, in the order from the patio to the other, the differential detonation. After the blasting, the ore is discharged to form a cutting groove of the mining unit.

4, mining

Mining includes mining, ventilation, mining and filling.

(1) Falling mine

At the same time of cutting each unit, in the rock drilling roadway and the sloping roadway of each section from top to bottom, the YGZ-90 type rail rock drill is used to cut through the cutting way from the cutting alley. The upper vertical fan is in the middle of the deep hole. The hole diameter is 52-62mm, the row spacing (minimum resistance line) is 1.5-1.6m, the hole bottom distance is 1.5-1.7m, the row surface angle is 90°, and the side hole angle is 7°-40° (the groove angle of the groove is large, Other segments are small). After a sufficient number of blastholes are drilled and after the cutting groove is formed, the blasting of a certain number of blastholes is performed in each section. Generally, each segment collapses 2 to 4 rows each time, and the upper segment advances the lower segment 2 rows to form a positive step collapse surface. The charge is mainly made of No. 2 rock column (45mm × 220mm × 320g), and the powder is also used in the early stage of the experiment (with BQ-50 type charge). The detonating cord, the non-electrical differential detonator and the detonator non-electric detonating system are used for the medicine package. The front row is first detonated and the rear row is delayed. Generally, the same row of the same row is detonated, sometimes in the same row.

(2) Ventilation

Relying on the main fan of the West District ventilation system (K55-13) and the auxiliary fan (K35-9) at the upper mouth of the upper floor. Before the cutting groove of the mining unit is formed, the fresh air passes through the short-ventilation patio or the empty-sliding mine and its contact road into the rock-stricken shaft and the dumping point to form a through-flow stream. After cleaning the smoke, the wind blows through the middle section of the mining unit. The sectioned roadway or the moving horizontal roadway enters the upper level of the bottom plate and is discharged to the return level of the upper stage. When the cutting unit of the mining unit starts to start mining, the ventilation is more convenient because of the goaf that runs through the whole stage longitudinally. The middle section passes through the short-ventilated patio or the empty-sliding mine and its contact roads to enter the various working points. After cleaning the soot, the dirty wind enters the goaf, and fills the patio (or fills the alley) through the upper stage, and directly discharges to the upper stage. Wind level. The surface of the face is ventilated. According to the actual needs, the JK58-NO4.5 5.5KW or 11KW fan is used for separate extraction or separate press-in ventilation. In most cases, combined pumping and pressure ventilation (injecting fresh air, Extracting the dirty air), the diameter of the air cylinder is 350mm.

(3) mining

After each blasting of each section of the mining unit is ventilated and ventilated, the WJD-0.75 electric scraper enters the sloping inclined sloping lane from the mine roadway, and the shovel is transported out of the sloping lane. Its slipway contact road, unloaded into the slip mine, and then moved to the 1.2m3 mine car through the slippery funnel vibrating out of the mine, and was transported by the 3 ton motor car. When the end of the inclined lane is unqualified, the small blasting is used to solve the small blasting. In order to improve the efficiency of the scraper, reduce the wear and tear of the machine and ensure the safety of the transport work, the scraper should try to avoid working on the curve at the intersection of the oblique inclined roadway and the mine roadway and head into the gob area. .

(4) Filling

Immediately after the completion of the recovery of each unit, the filling preparation is started: the lighting circuit is laid in all the roadways that need to be filled; the watertight sealing wall is constructed in each section roadway adjacent to the goaf and the inclined mine roadway; in the filling unit The upper stage filling road is horizontally installed with a plastic filling pipe (outer diameter 76.2 mm), and a corrugated water filter cartridge is placed from top to bottom. After the underground filling is ready, the filling begins. The tailings cement slurry is placed under gravity by the surface filling station, and the underground goaf is injected into the underground goaf through the filling pipeline. The excess water is filtered from the water filter and the closed wall. The water layer and the surrounding area and the bottom cracks ooze out, and the tailings cement material leaves the filling goaf.

In order to facilitate the ground pressure management and bottom column mining during the mining of the whole ore block, the bottom of the goaf (the sloping inclined roadway and the shovel) is filled with tailings cement with a ratio of sand to sand of 1: (5-8). And the upper part (about 4/5 stage high) is filled with tailings cement with a sand-to-sand ratio of 1: (10-15).

5. Summary of application of full tailings cementation filling technology

By using the full tailings to effectively fill the goaf, the environmental and safety issues brought about by the exploitation of mineral resources can be fundamentally solved, while the mineral resources can be fully recovered to promote the mining industry and resources, environment, safety and economy. The coordinated development has important significance.

1. Reduce the discharge of solid waste from mines, realize the production of tailless mines, avoid the industrial land occupation of tailings, save the land acquisition, construction and maintenance costs of tailings ponds, and avoid possible pollution to the atmosphere, water bodies and soil. It is of great significance to the protection of the surface ecological environment.

2, can effectively prevent the formation of obvious movement of the rock formation, prevent surface subsidence, achieve "three down" safe mining and preferential mining of the lower or lower plate rich mine without causing damage to mineral resources and protect prospective resources.

3. It can effectively control the ground pressure, control the fragmentation damage of local and regional rock layers, improve the safety of mining operations, reduce the risk of roof accidents, and also mitigate the threat of rock burst during deep mining.

4, through the tailings filling can safely reclaim the residual ore, thereby increasing the recovery rate of ore and improving the economic benefits of the mine.

Among the waste materials discarded in the present era, a large number of resources are long-term resources, and it is often difficult to stimulate people's awareness of protection because of lack of sufficient knowledge. In fact, these wastes, which are difficult to be safely stored on the ground for a long time, especially the beneficiation tailings filled in the underground goaf, will be the most reliable and economical way of storage protection, so that humans can use these minerals at any time during the development process. Resources to achieve secondary utilization of mineral resources.

Bolt Down Fuse

Fuse Bolted Type Fuse,Auto Bolt-down Fuse,Auto Blade Fuse,Car Truck Boat ANL Fuse

Taishan Yuanjin Auto Parts CO., LTD , https://www.yuanjinautoparts.com