Estimation of silver resources

Resource estimate

First, the determination of the type of exploration

(1) Division of exploration types of mineral deposits

According to the technical requirements of the "Geological Exploration Specifications for Copper , Lead , Zinc , Silver , Nickel and Molybdenum Ore" (DZ/T0214-2002), the type of mineral deposits to be classified should be based on the size of the main ore body, the main ore body shape and internal structure, and the influence of the deposit structure. Five major geological factors such as degree, stability of main ore body thickness and uniformity of distribution of useful components are determined by five major geological factors and their type coefficients. The deposit is × mine, the project control ore body is long (>800 m) 300-800 m (<300 m), the extension depth is about ×× m, the ore body size (large) medium (small) type, the type coefficient is taken ( 0.9) 0.3～0.6 (0.1～0.3); ore body shape complexity (simple) medium (complex), type coefficient is (0.6)0.4(0.2); ore body thickness variation coefficient is ××%, genus (stable type) The more stable type (unstable type), the type coefficient is (0.6) 0.4 (0.2); the grade change coefficient is ××%, the genus (uniform type) is more uniform (uneven type), and the type coefficient is (0.6)0.4 ( 0.2); the late structure has no damage to the ore body, the degree of structural influence is small, and the type coefficient is 0.3 (there is fault damage or vein interpenetration, the structure has obvious influence on the ore body shape, the type coefficient is 0.2; the structure seriously affects the ore body shape, type The coefficient is taken as 0.1). The sum of the five geological factor type coefficients is ××. According to the specific classification of the deposit type, the sum of the five geological factor type coefficients of the II exploration type is 1.7-2.4, thereby determining that the deposit is the type II exploration type.

Type I survey: for simple type, the sum of the five geological factor type coefficients is 2.5 to 3.0. The size of the main ore body is large, the shape is simple to simple, the thickness is stable to a stable, the main useful components are evenly distributed to a uniform, and the structure has little or medium impact on the ore body.

Type II survey type: medium type, the sum of the five geological factor type coefficients is 1.7 to 2.4. The size of the main ore body is medium to large, the shape is complex to complex, the thickness is unstable, and the distribution of the main useful components is relatively uniform to uneven, and the structure has a significant influence on the shape of the ore body.

Type III survey type: for complex type, the sum of the five geological factor type coefficients is 1 to 1.6. The size of the main ore body is small to medium, the shape is complex, the thickness is unstable, and the distribution of the main useful components is relatively uniform to uneven, and the influence of the structure on the shape of the ore body is obviously serious.

(2) Determination of the spacing of the exploration project

The determination of the spacing of the survey works depends on the type of exploration of the deposit. The deposit is of the second type of exploration. According to the technical requirements of the "Geological Exploration Specifications for Copper, Lead, Zinc, Silver, Nickel and Molybdenum Ore" (DZ/T0214-2002), the spacing of the surveyed projects is controlled: along the strike direction of 60-80 meters, along the The inclination is 40 to 50 meters. According to the given control, the survey engineering spacing is: 80 meters along the strike, 50 meters along the trend, in line with the specifications.

Note: The engineering spacing of different types of minerals and the same type of deposits varies greatly. The specification only specifies the engineering spacing of the control. The proven engineering spacing is generally reduced by 1/2 to 1/4 according to the controlled engineering spacing. The inferred engineering spacing It is diluted 1 to 2 times (but not mechanically emphasized) on the basis of the controlled engineering pitch. For example, the type II control engineering spacing (along the direction) copper 120-160 meters, lead-zinc 80-100 meters, silver 60-80 meters, gold 40-80 meters, molybdenum 80-100 meters; the trend is less than or equal to the trend , copper 100 ~ 120 meters, lead zinc 60 ~ 100 meters, silver 40 ~ 50 meters, gold 40 ~ 80 meters, molybdenum 60 ~ 80 meters. When the ore body is exposed to the surface, the distance between the surface works and the distance between the deep works should be properly encrypted.

(3) Selection of exploration methods and means:

It should be based on the type of deposit and the topographical conditions. The mine is of the type II survey, and the ore body is controlled by pit and drill to explore the amount of resources controlled (332).

Generally, type I is mainly drilled and verified by tunnels. Types II and III should be controlled by pit and drill. If the terrain is gentle, the drilling is dominant, and the terrain is steep. For the extremely complex small deposits in the III survey type, when it is impossible to find the controlled reserves of resources, the method of combining mining and exploration and mining can be implemented.

Second, the amount of resources estimated and industrial indicators

(1) Resource estimation range

The estimated amount of resources of this deposit is along the west X line, east to X line east, and the length is × m; the trend is above the × m elevation.

(II) Industrial indicators

Industrial indicators are the criteria and basis for evaluating the industrial value of deposits, delineating ore bodies, and estimating reserves of mineral resources. According to the technical requirements of the "Geological Exploration Specifications for Copper, Lead, Zinc, Silver, Nickel and Molybdenum Ore", the industrial indicators used for delineating ore bodies are:

1, the cut-off grade: 40 ~ 50 × 10 ^-6 ;

2. The lowest industrial grade of the block: 80～100×10 ^-6 ;

3. The average grade of the deposit: >150×10 ^-6 ;

3. The minimum recoverable thickness is 0.8 to 1 meter;

4, the stone removal thickness of 2 ~ 4 meters;

5. If the useful elements are associated, the reserves may be calculated according to relevant regulations.

3 Selection of resource estimation methods and their basis

The prospecting works are arranged at a certain interval. The trough (well) exploration, drilling and pit exploration are selected as the main exploration methods. The prospecting works are arranged on parallel exploration lines or between exploration lines.

The ore body is vein-like, the mineralization continuity is good, and the ore body inclination angle is steep. Since the ore body inclination angle is greater than 45 degrees, the resource quantity estimation is carried out by the geological block section method on the vertical longitudinal projection view of the ore body, scale 1 :1000.

The ore amount estimation formula is:

Q= S _true × m × d

Where: Q - the amount of ore (t);

S _true - the true area of ​​the ore body (m ² );

M——the true thickness of the ore body (m);

d - average ore weight (t/m ³ ).

The metal amount estimation formula is:

P=Q×C

Where: P - the amount of metal (kg);

Q——the amount of ore (t);

C - average grade (×10 ^-6 ).

The value of the repair is about "rounding up, entering the double and entering the double, and zero is the double number." The thickness and grade retain two decimal places. The area, volume, ore amount (ton) is an integer, and the metal amount (kg). Keep one decimal place, the number of shares and the last four places after the decimal point.

Fourth, the determination of resource estimation parameters

(1) Area

With the help of MapGIS software, the vertical projection area of ​​the block is directly measured by the computer on the vertical longitudinal projection of the resource quantity, and then divided by the sine of the average inclination of each section of the ore body, the true area of ​​the ore body is estimated, and the resource amount is estimated. The formula is:

S _true = S _vertical / sinα

Where: S _true - the true area of ​​the ore body (m ² );

S _vertical - vertical projection area of ​​the ore body (m ² );

α - the inclination of the ore body.

(2) Thickness

1. Single project thickness: The current resource reserve is calculated by the true thickness, and the true thickness of the single project is the sum of the true thicknesses of the samples in the circled ore section.

2. Average thickness of the block: It is the arithmetic mean of the true thickness of the engineering ore bodies in the block.

4. Average thickness of ore body: It is the quotient of the volume of the ore body divided by the area.

(three) taste

Since the ore grade is directly related to the thickness and the distribution of useful components in the ore body is not uniform, the sampling length and the ore body thickness are not equal, so the average thickness is calculated by the true thickness (sample length) weighting method.

1. The average grade of a single project: the weight of each individual sample that is circled into the same ore body in accordance with the industrial index in the project and its sample length are obtained. When there is a very high grade in the sample, the extra high grade should be processed first, and then the average grade of the single project should be calculated.

2. Average grade of block: It is obtained by weighting the single engineering grade and its true thickness in the block.

3. Average grade of ore body: Calculate the amount of ore body metal divided by the amount of ore.

4.4 Ore weight

The ore weight value is ×t/m ³ .

Five, the ore body (layer) limited, infinite extrapolation principle

(1) Limited extrapolation

Between the mine project and the mine project, when the resource reserve spacing is less than the corresponding category, the 1/4 plate-like equal thickness of the two engineering distances is evenly pushed; when there is more than the boundary grade in the adjacent project of the ore body edge When mineralizing, make a 1/3 flat push. When the distance between the two projects is greater than the corresponding resource reserve spacing, only 1/4 or 1/3 of the resource reserve spacing of the corresponding category can be extrapolated. (Note: The engineering spacing along the trend and the propensity control is sometimes different, and the vertical amount of resources is estimated. Extrapolation along the trend on the projection map requires conversion). The meter/ton value is not extrapolated.

(2) Infinite extrapolation

There is no other project outside the mine project, or there is no prospecting project within the corresponding control interval of the mine project. The extrapolation distance is 1/4 of the corresponding controlled engineering distance (along the trend, along the trend), and the resource reserve category is reduced by one. class. Thus, (333) the engineering pitch of the extrapolation control (between the trend and the tendency), (334)? Infinite extrapolation of a controlled engineering spacing (along the trend, along the trend), extrapolation × m along the direction, infinitely extrapolated × m along the trend, converted to vertical vertical projection on the map is × m.

Sixth, the principle of block segmentation

(1) Principle of block segmentation

The basic principles of block segmentation are: the exploration line (double line profile) with the corresponding degree of control, the deep engineering with different section heights, the boundary of the ore body, and the boundary of the approved exploration area. The division of each block is divided by engineering and exploration lines, and is divided according to the exploration network degree and resource quantity category.

(332) Category block segmentation: refers to the section where the survey work level has reached the requirements of the detailed investigation stage, and the geological reliability is controlled. The mine uses the surface trough (well) to explore the ore section bounded by the adjacent tunnel (and the tunnel matching mesh degree × × m borehole).

(333) Classification of category blocks: refers to the area where the level of exploration work only meets the requirements of the census stage, and the degree of geological reliability is inferred. The mine is within the connection line of the adjacent density of the adjacent two exploration lines (or nearby), and the entire range delineated by the quarter line of the (333) category network.

(334) Category block segmentation: (333) The bounded range of the infinite extrapolation portion of the class block segment. There are mines on the surface, no mines in the deep works, and the project spacing is too large. The scope of the surface of the mines and the limited extrapolation are limited; only the surface works without deep engineering control to see the mine points. The range of connections and limited and infinite extrapolation sections.

(2) Block number

The block number shall be numbered consecutively according to the principle of “from left to right, top to bottom” according to different resource reserve categories. In this way, the ore body is divided into 16 block segments, of which (332) class 2 block segments, (333) category 8 block segments, (334)? Category 8 block segments.

Seven, resource reserves classification

(1) The amount of intrinsic economic resources controlled (332): refers to the area where the survey work has reached the requirements of the detailed investigation stage, and the geological reliability is controlled (the three-dimensional space of the ore body is delineated, and the continuity of the ore body is basically determined. resistance, a large negative multiple solution; consisting essentially identified ore, ore quality; ore which were associated with a comprehensive evaluation useful components; for the optional EASY dressing stone was analogy, for ore ships Laboratory process tests, new types or refractory ores have been extended to the laboratory for continuous testing, and the results can be used to evaluate whether the ore has industrial value. The feasibility evaluation has only been a rough study, and the part of the economic significance cannot be determined. Resources. The calculated resource amount is highly reliable and the feasibility evaluation is low.

According to the characteristics of the main ore body, it is divided into the type II exploration type, and the engineering spacing of the × exploration line-× exploration line along the strike direction is 80 meters, the surface trough and the well exploration engineering are doubled, and the engineering spacing of the inclined control is 50 meters. The ground trough (well) is probed to match the part enclosed by the adjacent tunnel.

(2) Inferred intrinsic economic resources (333): refers to the area where the exploration work only meets the requirements of the census stage, and the geological reliability is inferred (the ore body has engineering sparse control along the surface or shallow direction). The tendency is confirmed by engineering, combined with the geological background, the genetic characteristics of the deposit and the effective objects, the results of the geochemical exploration, and is not limited by the engineering spacing. The resources are only calculated according to the limited data, and the credibility is low. The feasibility evaluation has only been studied in a rough way, and its economic significance cannot be determined, and the credibility of the feasibility evaluation is low.

According to the characteristics of the main ore body, it is divided into the type II exploration type, and the part of the exploration line-× exploration line is defined by the exploration network of 160 m×100 m and the limited extrapolation part of the ore body.

(3) Predicted resources (334)?: In the pre-examination area, comprehensive analysis of various aspects of data, research and a small amount of engineering verification, through the analogy of known deposits, there are enough data to estimate the amount of resources. The parameters are hypothetical, belonging to potential mineral resources, and the economic significance is not determined. × Exploration line - × The estimated range of the infinite extrapolation of the ore body of the exploration line.

Eight, resource estimation results

In this work, the total amount of × mineral resources (332) + (333) + (334) × × kilograms was obtained in the approved exploration area, of which (332) × kilograms, accounting for ×% of the total resources, ( 333) × kilograms, accounting for x% of total resources, (334)? ×kg accounts for x% of the total resources. The estimated resource results are shown in Table 1. For detailed calculation results, see the attached table.

Table 1 × × mine area × mine resource estimation results table

Description of the relevant issues in the nine resource estimates

Extra high grade treatment: The grade change coefficient of the ore body is x%, and the sample with a grade value higher than the average grade of the ore body is called 6 to 8 times. When a single project containing a very high grade sample has a true thickness equal to or greater than twice the average thickness of the ore body, the average grade of the single project including the ultra high grade sample is used instead of the extra high grade, and the average of the single project is obtained by weighting. Grade, × × (engineering number) × × sample × grade? ×10 ^-6 , is a high-grade grade, replacing the extra-high grade with the average grade of a single project. What is the grade after treatment? ×10 ^-6 ; When a single project containing a very high grade sample has a true thickness less than twice the average thickness of the ore body, the average grade of the affected block including the extra high grade is used instead of the extra high grade, and then separately weighted. Get the average grade of each segment. What is the ××(engineering number) grade? ×10 ^-6 , is a very high grade, respectively, using the average grade of ×, × block to replace the extra-high grade, the processed grades are? ×10 ^-6 ,? ×10 ^-6 .

Extra-thickness treatment: Extra-thickness generally refers to the thickness greater than three times the average thickness of the ore body, and should be treated carefully according to the specific conditions (minerals).

Engineering processing with quality problems. The quality of each project involved in the estimation of mineral resources reserves shall comply with the requirements of relevant codes, regulations and regulations. For those that do not meet the requirements and must participate in the estimation of resource reserves, they are generally downgraded.

Aluminum G-type Finstock Strip

G type of fin which is used in the industrial cooling unit , normally it is aluminum 1100 or 1060 sheet material. Aluminum Coil thickness is regularly 0.3mm to 0.4mm temper HO.The fin will be wind on the extruded steel tube and made into cooling tower for heat transfer.The cooling unit is also called air cooling condenser.